Browsing by Author "Rath, Prabir Kumar"

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    Socio-Economic Profile, Work Environment and Concerns of Inter-State Migrant Women Workers in Ponda Taluka of Goa
    (Indian Association for the Study of Population, 2025) Nemikal, Vijaya; Rath, Prabir Kumar
    This study brings out the status and expe-riences of women migrant labourers in Ponda Taluka, shedding light on their living and working conditions. It has investigated the multifaceted challenges these women face at the place of des-tination. An assessment has been done to under-stand the treatment these women receive from locals, colleagues and employers to gauge their social status and its impact on their overall con-ditions. The study reveals that a significant pro-portion of this category of workers is employed in low-wage but have high- demand within domestic and manufacturing sectors. The housemaids and factory workers comprise nearly 68% of the work-force. The predominance of temporary and ca-sual work arrangements, which account for 89.4% of the workforce, underscores issues of job secu-rity and income instability. Despite a substan-tial portion earning above Rs. 6000 per month, challenges persist regarding housing affordabil-ity and job stability. Most workers reside in rented accommodation with high rent and subop-timal housing quality. Social relations show gen-erally respectful treatment from employers and colleagues, though disparities exist, with exces-sive working hours correlating with poorer treat-ment. It is crucial to enhance job security, offer better housing options and foster positive work-place relationships which could significantly ben-efit this vulnerable segment of the workforce.
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    Socio-Economic Status Of Migrant Women Labour Force In Goa: A Literature Based Analysis
    (IRBE Publication, 2020) Nemikal, Vijaya; Rath, Prabir Kumar
    Goa is one of the most economically prosperous states of India. Many migrants flow in to Goa from various parts of India to seek employment. Since rural areas people faced the problem of lack better employment opportunities in the villages, they migrate to urban areas where they expect to get productive employment. Though male migrants outnumber females the role played by women migrants cannot be overlooked. Women have migrated to Goa either with their spouses, or independently and they have taken up jobs on various levels of hierarchy from unskilled, casual work to highly paid and highly skilled jobs. The study focuses primarily on low skilled and unskilled jobs taken up by the female migrant workers in different sectors of economy in Goa. It tries to identify the socio-economic status of the migrant women labour-force. It is seen that the female migrants have migrated as associational migrants along with their spouses. They take up jobs as domestic helps, labourers in construction industry and helpers in factories and shops. They earn a low income but nevertheless contribute equally in household expenses and savings. Their social status gets enhanced as they are economically independent which also results in an enhanced autonomy in the family. They are able to make household decisions. They face a major challenge as they have to keep a balance between their household responsibilities and also focus on their jobs. With the ongoing Covid-19 pandemic situation and the sudden lockdown announced in the country,thestatusoftheiremployment has come to a standstill. Majority of the migrant women have lost their jobs and their income has stopped. After the commencement of special trains many migrated back to their native place.
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    Women emigration and its impact on their families in Goa : A case study of Usgao village
    (Bangalore University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 2020) Pereira, Daffnie; Afonso, Arina; Nemikal, Vijaya; Rath, Prabir Kumar
    Emigration is the relocation of the people from one country to another. In last two decades or so, increased number of woman migrants has gone abroad. In India, female migration is closely interconnected with the male migration indicating that women accompany men after marriage. In Goa, migration of women to industrialized developed countries and the Middle East countries is on the rise mostly to the United Kingdom followed by the countries of Middle East. The study was conducted to determine emigration of women and its impact on the life of their families left behind in Usgao village of Dharbandora Taluka of Goa. The study is carried out using primary data obtained from administration of questionnaires and personal interviews supplemented by secondary data. Women emigration has prevailed in the age group of 20- 45 years, which comprises of both married and unmarried woman. Low wages in the home country and the demand for female labour in the foreign countries offering high wages are the main push and pull factors of international migration of women from the study area. Women emigration has added income level of the family and has enhanced the standard of living among the emigrating families. It has left its drawbacks such as emigration of women has made the life of the children and the elderly members of the family difficult as the migrant women used to take care of all the members of the family in general and children and elderly in particular in addition, they were handling all the household affairs of the family. Emigration of women thus, has increased women’s access to economic resources and has improved their autonomy and status but its negative impact on the families is significant.