Govt. College of Arts,Science & Commerce, Khandola, Marcela-Goa
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Crystal structures, in vitro and in silico biological studies of copper mefenamato complexes with aliphatic diamines
(Elsevier, 2025) Vernekar, Beena K.; Sawant, Pradnya S.; Breckell, Jaxon; Kotkar, Gayatri; D’souza, Luann R.; Butcher, Raymond J.; Richardson, Christopher
Two new copper complexes with the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug mefenamic acid (Hmef) and 1,2-propanediamine (1,2-pn), and 1,3-propanediamine (1,3-pn) were synthesised and characterised by spectroscopic techniques and thermal analysis. The crystal structures of [Cu(1,2-pn)2(H2O)2].(mef)2,{bis(aqua)bis(1,2-propanediamine)copper(II) mefenamate} MEF1, and [Cu(mef)2(1,3-pn)2] {bis(1,3-propanediamine)bis(mefenamato)copper(II)} MEF2, were determined by single crystal X-ray crystallography. The structure determinations showed MEF1 is a mefenamate salt, and MEF2 binds mefenamate in a bidentate chelating manner. The XPS studies revealed the identity of copper in the +2 oxidation state for both MEF1 and MEF2. Moreover, the ligand functionality in the compounds was also evidenced from the binding energy values corresponding to C1s, O1s, and N1s levels. The solid-state EPR spectra of MEF1 and MEF2 at 77 K presents two different g values demonstrating g‖ >g⊥> 2.0023 (ge) consistent with a normal axial spectrum revealing an elongated octahedral geometry for Cu(II) i.e. t2g6 and eg3 (dz2)2, (dx2-y2)1 with the unpaired electron residing in the dx2-y2 orbital for MEF1 and a compressed octahedron for MEF2 with the unpaired electron residing in the dz2 orbital.
The mefenamato complexes displayed promising cytotoxic potential against MCF-7 human breast cancer cell lines. Interactions of the complexes with the binding site of tyrosinase receptor (2y9x) and DNA intercalation studies were evaluated using molecular docking, providing a deeper structural understanding of the efficacies of these metallodrugs. The comparison between theoretical calculations of tyrosinase receptor with the tyrosinase enzyme depicted comparable results to the standard kojic acid.
Ibuprofenato cobalt complexes: Structural insights, DNA interaction studies, and biological evaluation.
(Elsevier, 2025) Vernekar, Beena K.; Breckell, Jaxon R.; Butcher, Raymond J.; Maliwal, Deepika; Pissurlenkar, Raghuvir R. S.; Gaonkar, Sanket K.; Barretto, Delicia A.; Sattarker, Saurav D.; Richardson, Christopher
Two new cobalt complexes with the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug Ibuprofen (IbuH) and N-donor co-ligands, 2,2-dipyridylamine (dipyam) and 1,10-phenanthroline (o-phen), were synthesised. The complexes were characterised by spectroscopic techniques and thermal analysis, and the crystal structures of [Co(Ibu)2(dipyam)]·H2O (IBU1) and [Co(Ibu)2(o-phen)(H2O)]·½H2O (IBU2) were determined by single-crystal X-ray crystallography. IBU2 exhibited better antibacterial activity, with Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) values ranging from 20 to 40 μM, compared to IBU1. The metal complexes also showed antioxidant activity with IC50 values of 39.71±0.86 and 37.43±0.91 μM for IBU1 and IBU2, respectively. We also found that IBU1 and IBU2 exhibited DNA binding and DNA cleavage efficacy. The ibuprofenato metal complexes showed promising anticancer activity against MCF-7 breast cancer cells with IC50 values of 88.5±0.06 μM and 111.1±0.02 μM for IBU1 and IBU2, respectively, compared to higher IC50 values against normal L929 cell lines. Interactions of the complexes with the binding site of the Estrogen Receptor alpha (ER-α) were evaluated using molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations, providing a deeper structural understanding of the efficacies of these metallodrugs.
Prevalence of Listeria in Milk from Farm to Table
(Springer Cham, 2015) D’Costa, Dilecta
Listeria monocytogenes is a food-borne pathogen of great concern for the food-producing companies. This Gram-positive bacterium is the causative agent of listeriosis, a highly fatal opportunistic food-borne infection. L. monocytogenes causes listeriosis in humans characterised by invasive and noninvasive illness, associated with high mortality (20–30 %) and has a propensity to cause severe problems, especially in pregnant women, neonates, the elderly and immuno-suppressed individuals. Thus, the presence of this pathogen in food is a major concern to the food industry and public health regulators. L. monocytogenes has been involved in numerous outbreaks of listeriosis occurring through consumption of milk and milk products. Hence, there is an urgent need from the dairy industry to understand the introduction of emerging food-borne pathogens in milk, and thus, in turn control and prevention of milk-borne epidemics and outbreaks.
A total of 767 milk samples from dairy cows were taken at different levels of collection and processing and were utilized for the isolation of Listeria. Overall, 10.56 % of the samples were positive for Listeria species and 37 isolates were designated as L. monocytogenes. Pulse-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was used to discriminate the L. monocytogenes isolates into 5 ApaI and 4 AscI PFGE patterns (pulsotypes). The ability to carry out epidemiological investigations to determine the primary sources of bacterial contamination is therefore important to improve public health.
Comparative Ethnography of Goa Legislative Assembly Election 2022
(Winsome India Educational Trust, 2025) Varak, Nawoo; Naik, Prachi
Since the first Legislative Assembly Election in December, 1963, the Political Party System in Goa offers fragile ground for defections and non-allegiance. This fragility has developed the political discourse in Goa. The family centric nature of regional parties contributed to the success of National Political Parties. Overemphasis on state politics alienated Goa from India’s national politics. Amidst this, dominant interest groups have managed to reinvent the issues of identity in their favour. The scenario before and after the Legislative Assembly Elections in March, 2022 has further fuelled this fragility and unaccountability in the tiny coastal state. In this article, we explore the major areas of electoral politics that have caused this legacy to continue. It presents the case wherein the political decentralisation has failed to initiate cultural decentralisation in the state keeping the aristocratic nature of polity intact.
Peep into 'merit vs domicile' debate
(Dempo, 2025-07-24) Varak, Nawoo